Geography Of Population By Rc Chandna Pdfl \/\/TOP\\\\
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The Dravidian-speaking populations gave relatively stronger signal for the PC1/PC2 variation, with the Kannada-speaking Paharia and Malayalam-speakingothana-speaking Kekayas dominating the southernmost end of the plot. The north-south translation between geography and the relatively stronger Dravidian relatedness (as well as lower degrees of relatedness between other language groups) observed in the PCA plot is further suggested by the fact that Y-chromosomal haplogroup O2-P39138 (Figure S15) is negatively correlated with the fluctuations of the Dravidian-speaking populations (Figure S13).69 O2-P39138 is a rare basal haplogroup, with at least 12 carriers found in the present data. Five of these, namely P3047, P110, P291, P331, and P333, are present in the samples from India and are located in the different population groups. In contrast, the remaining seven are only found in the YHRD dataset of 43 countries, including the three clear Dravidian country groups of southern India, Sri Lanka, and eastern Indonesia, but not in southern-most Thailand. Whether O2-P39138 has a non-Indian origin is not resolved at this time, but we consider this possibility unlikely, given that none of the two previously characterized O2-P39138 markers is of substantial geographical distribution and none of its functional candidate genes provide any insight to the origin of this haplogroup2,12,70-72.](82392-2019-uis-pg/18-2-201907-FigS13.pdf) Semicircle of PC2 and Additional Plot of Population Variation on PC1/PC2 Dimension. (A) Additional notes: The following additional plot was generated by including only loci that contribute maximally to the variance in the respective dimension, as shown in the corresponding legend (see section S5). Balsmer-1 variation is highly affected by this dimension, suggesting high or moderate levels of relatedness between the populations from these islands. d2c66b5586